THE ROLE OF CIVIC EDUCATION IN BUILDING NATIONAL IDENTITY AND ETHICS IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS

Abstract

Civic education (PKn) in elementary schools plays a crucial role in shaping students’ national identity and moral values from an early age. Through civic education, students are introduced to fundamental values of national life such as patriotism, tolerance, social responsibility, and respect for diversity. This study aims to examine the role of civic education (PKn) in fostering national identity and ethics among elementary school students. The research employed a literature review method, analyzing and synthesizing findings from books, journal articles, and other scientific publications related to the topic, published between 2019 and 2024. The data were collected through documentation techniques and analyzed using a qualitative descriptive approach to identify recurring patterns and insights from prior studies. The findings reveal that civic education effectively builds students’ awareness of national identity and strengthens their moral and social ethics when implemented through interactive, participatory, and contextual learning strategies. Furthermore, the integration of civic values in daily learning activities was found to enhance students’ sense of nationalism and empathy toward others. In conclusion, civic education in elementary schools is essential for developing a generation that embodies strong national identity, civic responsibility, and moral integrity.